Bibi-Khanym Mosque

Overview

Bibi-Khanym Mosque was the largest mosque in the Islamic world when Timur completed it in 1404, built to rival the grandest structures of his conquered territories. The entrance portal soars 35 metres high, and the main dome once reached 40 metres. Though partially ruined by earthquakes and time, extensive restoration has returned much of its imposing scale.

Highlights

• Monumental Portal (Pishtaq): A 35-metre entrance arch flanked by minarets — one of the largest ever built.
• Marble Quran Stand: A massive carved marble lectern in the courtyard, said to hold the original Uthman Quran.
• Reconstructed Main Dome: The restored turquoise dome towering over the courtyard and Siab Bazaar.

History

Timur ordered construction immediately after returning from his Indian campaign in 1399, using war booty and craftsmen from across his empire. Legend attributes the name to his favourite wife, Bibi-Khanym. The mosque deteriorated over centuries; the main dome collapsed in the 1897 earthquake. Uzbekistan has been restoring it since independence.

Visitor Tips

• Tip 1: Walk around the Quran stand three times for good luck, according to local tradition.
• Tip 2: The mosque is directly opposite Siab Bazaar — combine both in one visit.
• Duration: 30–45 minutes.