Kalyan Minaret

Overview

The Kalyan Minaret is the defining symbol of Bukhara, a 47-meter tower of baked brick that has dominated the city's skyline since 1127. Known as the 'Tower of Death' for its use as an execution site in the 19th century, it is one of the most remarkable examples of medieval Islamic architecture in Central Asia.

Highlights

• Brick Masonry: Fourteen distinct bands of decorative brickwork, each with a unique geometric pattern, wrap the tapered shaft.
• Rotunda Summit: The crowning lantern gallery rests on a muqarnas (stalactite) cornice of exceptional craftsmanship.
• Genghis Khan Legend: According to tradition, Genghis Khan looked up at the minaret, his hat fell off, and he was so impressed he spared it during his 1220 destruction of Bukhara.

History

Built in 1127 by the Karakhanid ruler Arslan Khan to replace an earlier minaret that had collapsed, the Kalyan Minaret served as both a beacon for Silk Road caravans and a call-to-prayer tower. It is the only Bukhara structure that survived Genghis Khan's invasion intact. The minaret was used for executions until the early 20th century.

Visitor Tips

• Tip 1: The minaret is not climbable by visitors, but the exterior is the main attraction — photograph it from the Poi Kalyan plaza.
• Tip 2: Visit at golden hour for the best light on the brickwork.
• Duration: 15–30 minutes.