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Cheomseongdae is the oldest surviving stone astronomical observatory in East Asia, built around 634 CE during the reign of Queen Seondeok of Silla. Standing 9.17 metres tall in an open field near Tumuli Park, the bottle-shaped tower is made from 362 granite blocks — one for each day of the lunar year.
Constructed under Queen Seondeok (r. 632–647 CE), Cheomseongdae was used by Silla astronomers to chart celestial movements for agriculture and the calendar. Its survival through 1,400 years of earthquakes and invasions is remarkable — a slight lean to the north is its only visible wear.