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Narikala Fortress is a 4th-century citadel perched on a ridge between the sulphur baths and the Tbilisi Botanical Garden. Expanded by the Umayyads in the 7th century and later by King David the Builder, it remains one of Tbilisi’s most recognisable landmarks.
Originally called Shuris-tsikhe, the citadel has been held by Persians, Arabs, Mongols, and Ottomans. A 1827 earthquake and Russian gunpowder explosion destroyed much of the upper fortress.