Pyramid of Tirana

Overview

The Pyramid of Tirana (Piramida) is a controversial concrete structure originally built in 1988 as a museum glorifying dictator Enver Hoxha. Designed by his daughter and son-in-law, the brutalist pyramid sat derelict for years before a major MVRDV-designed transformation began in 2021, converting it into a youth, technology, and cultural hub.

Highlights

• Climbable Exterior: The terraced concrete slopes are open for climbing, offering elevated views of the city.
• Architectural Statement: A striking example of communist-era brutalism repurposed for a democratic future.
• Cultural Programming: The transformation includes classrooms, studios, offices, and event spaces for Tirana's young creatives.

History

Opened on 14 October 1988 — four years after Hoxha's death — the building was designed by architect Klement Kolaneci with Hoxha's daughter Pranvera and her husband. After 1991 it served as a NATO base, nightclub, and TV station before falling into ruin. The €30-million MVRDV renovation began in 2021.

Visitor Tips

• Climb the exterior steps for a panoramic vantage point — but wear sturdy shoes.
• Best at golden hour when the concrete glows.
• Duration: 20–30 minutes.