The Circus

Overview

The Circus is a circular arrangement of 33 Georgian townhouses divided into three equal curved segments, designed by John Wood the Elder and completed after his death by his son in 1768. The design was inspired by the Colosseum in Rome, turned inside-out so the decorative façade faces inward.

Highlights

• Three orders of architecture: Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian columns progress upward across three storeys, referencing classical tradition.
• Acorn finials: The roofline is decorated with stone acorns, possibly alluding to Druidic symbolism important to Wood.
• Plane trees: Five mature London plane trees fill the central space, framing the architecture beautifully.

History

John Wood the Elder laid the foundation stone in 1754, inspired by Stonehenge (the Circus has the same diameter) and the Roman Colosseum. He died just three months later, and his son John Wood the Younger completed the project in 1768. Famous residents have included Thomas Gainsborough, Clive of India, and David Livingstone.

Visitor Tips

• Look up: The carved friezes between floors depict over 500 emblems of arts, sciences, and nature.
• Best light: The golden stonework glows beautifully in late afternoon sun.
• Duration: 15–20 minutes.