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Nea Kameni is the youngest volcanic island in the eastern Mediterranean, rising from the center of the Santorini caldera. Still classified as an active volcano, it offers visitors the rare experience of walking across a volcanic landscape with steaming fumaroles, sulfur deposits, and multiple craters formed by eruptions spanning from 1573 to 1950.
Nea Kameni began forming in 1573 CE when volcanic activity pushed new rock above sea level. Major eruptions occurred in 1707–1711, 1866–1870, 1925–1928, and most recently 1939–1941 and 1950. The island continues to grow slowly, and seismic monitoring stations track ongoing geological activity.