Venetian Walls and Martinengo Bastion

Overview

The Venetian Walls are a massive ring of Renaissance fortifications encircling Heraklion's old city, stretching over 3 km with seven bastions. The Martinengo Bastion, the largest, is the final resting place of the celebrated Greek writer Nikos Kazantzakis. Walking along the walls offers an elevated perspective on the city and the sea.

Highlights

• Kazantzakis Tomb: The simple grave of the author of Zorba the Greek, with the inscription "I hope for nothing. I fear nothing. I am free."
• Bastion Walk: A walk along the ramparts passes fortified gates, cannon emplacements, and sea-facing parapets.
• City Views: Panoramic views from the bastions over terracotta rooftops and the harbor.

History

The walls were built by the Venetians between 1462 and 1570, designed by the military architect Michele Sanmicheli. They were instrumental in resisting the 21-year Ottoman siege. After conquest, the Ottomans maintained the walls. Kazantzakis was buried at the Martinengo Bastion in 1957 because the Greek Orthodox Church, which objected to his writings, refused him burial in a consecrated cemetery.

Visitor Tips

• Free entry: The ramparts and Kazantzakis grave are freely accessible.
• Best section: Start at the Martinengo Bastion and walk north toward the Bethlehem Gate.
• Duration: 45–75 minutes.