Memphis Open Air Museum

Overview

The Memphis Open Air Museum preserves the remains of the ancient capital of Egypt, Memphis, including a colossal limestone statue of Ramesses II housed in a purpose-built shelter. It is located about 24 km south of central Cairo.

Highlights

• Colossus of Ramesses II: A 10-metre-long recumbent limestone statue of the pharaoh, carved with extraordinary detail and displayed in an indoor pavilion.
• Alabaster Sphinx: A beautifully preserved sphinx carved from a single block of alabaster weighing 80 tonnes.
• Outdoor Sculptures: Scattered statues, sarcophagi, and architectural fragments from the ancient capital displayed in garden settings.

History

Founded around 3100 BC, Memphis served as the capital of ancient Egypt for over eight centuries during the Old Kingdom. It was one of the largest and most important cities in the ancient world before being abandoned and its stones quarried for building Cairo.

Visitor Tips

• Day Trip: Combine with Saqqara (8 km away) and Dahshur for a full day exploring the oldest Egyptian sites.
• Small Site: The museum is compact and can be visited quickly.
• Duration: 45–60 minutes.