Toompea Castle

Overview

Toompea Castle is a massive medieval fortress complex crowning the limestone hill at the heart of Tallinn. While parts of the fortification date back to the 9th century, the imposing pink baroque facade visible today houses the Riigikogu, Estonia's Parliament.

Highlights

• Tall Hermann Tower: The iconic 45.6-metre tower where the Estonian flag has flown since 1884 — its raising at sunrise is a powerful national symbol.
• Parliament Building: The baroque facade was built by Catherine the Great in 1767–1773 over the earlier medieval walls.
• Governor's Garden: A tranquil garden at the castle's base, often overlooked by visitors.

History

Fortification of Toompea Hill began over 1,000 years ago. The Danes built the first stone castle here in 1227 after conquering Tallinn. It passed through the Teutonic Order, Swedes, and Russians, each adding layers of construction. Since 1920 it has been the seat of Estonian government.

Visitor Tips

• Access: The castle exterior and Tall Hermann are viewable from outside; the Parliament interior can only be visited by pre-arranged guided tour.
• Duration: 20–30 minutes for the exterior.
• Best views: View the castle from Snelli Park for the best photo angle.