Cupola del Brunelleschi

Overview

Brunelleschi's Dome is the largest masonry dome ever constructed, spanning 45 metres across the Florence Cathedral without any supporting scaffolding from the ground. The 463-step climb takes visitors through the double-shell structure and face-to-face with Vasari's 'Last Judgment' fresco.

Highlights

• Double shell: Walking between the inner and outer shells reveals the engineering genius of Brunelleschi's herringbone brick pattern.
• Vasari's fresco: The inner dome surface is covered with a 3,600 m² Last Judgment by Vasari and Zuccari.
• Summit panorama: Unmatched 360° views from the lantern, 114 metres above the floor.

History

After the cathedral's oculus sat open for decades, Brunelleschi won a 1418 competition with his innovative double-shell design, completed in 1436 without traditionalcentring techniques.

Visitor Tips

• Timed entry required: Book specific time slots at museumflorence.com.
• Not for everyone: 463 narrow steps, no lift, confined spaces.
• Duration: 45–60 minutes.