Pantheon

Overview

The Pantheon is an absolute, staggering miracle of ancient Roman engineering. Standing perfectly intact in the heart of Rome for nearly 2,000 years, it remains the most flawless, breathtaking architectural legacy of the ancient classical world.

Highlights

• The Dome: The mind-bending, massive unreinforced concrete dome spanning 43 metres—a record-breaking architectural feat that went completely unmatched for over a thousand years.
• The Oculus: The perfectly circular, 9-metre hole at the very apex of the dome, acting as the building's only source of brilliant natural light (and rain).
• The Tombs: The dramatically moody, incredibly vast interior houses the opulent tombs of the brilliant Renaissance painter Raphael and the first two Kings of unified Italy.

History

Originally a temple dedicated to all gods built by Agrippa, the current structure was radically, brilliantly rebuilt by Emperor Hadrian in 125 AD. It survived the brutal fall of Rome essentially because it was the very first pagan temple officially converted into a Catholic church (in 609 AD), saving it from the severe scavenging that destroyed the surrounding ancient city.

Visitor Tips

• Entry Fee: As of 2023, access to the Pantheon is no longer free. You must purchase a ticket (either online or at the surrounding ticket booths).
• Rainy Days: If there is a rainstorm, do not avoid it—hurry to the Pantheon! Watching the rain pour directly through the oculus to smash onto the ancient marble floor drains is magical.
• : 30–45 minutes.