Catacombs of St. Callixtus

Overview

Sunk deep beneath the Appian Way, the Catacombs of San Callisto form the most massive, important, and sprawling ancient Christian underground burial complex in Rome. It is a hauntingly silent, atmospheric labyrinth stretching for over 20 kilometres underground.

Highlights

• The Crypt of the Popes: The incredibly sacred, beautifully moody cavern known as "the little Vatican," which served as the official tomb for nine 3rd-century martyred popes.
• The Crypt of Saint Cecilia: The original, atmospheric burial site of the patron saint of music, featuring surprisingly brilliant, preserved early Christian frescoes.
• The Tunnels: Winding through the massive vertical walls of soft volcanic rock (tufa), lined with thousands of narrow, stacked burial niches (loculi).

History

Beginning in the 2nd century, early Christians rejected the Roman pagan practice of cremation. Because Roman law forbade burials inside the city walls, the Christians excavated massive, deep networks into the soft volcanic stone lining the Appian Way. At its peak, this massive complex housed over half a million bodies before the Church moved the bones to safe basilicas inside the city to protect them from invading barbarians.

Visitor Tips

• Mandatory Guides: Because it is an active religious site and an confusing labyrinth, you cannot wander alone. Entrance is tied to excellent, informative small guided tours.
• Environment: The tunnels are a constant, damp 15°C (59°F) year-round. Bring a jacket, even in mid-August.
• : 45–60 minutes underground.